Liquid-fuel burner



Get. 23, 1923. 1,471,666

R. M. KENNEDY LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed June 22, 1922 Patented Get. 233, 19213.

nonuntrm. KENNEDY, or rrrrseunen, PENNSYL ANIA.

i if; 3

7 mourn-FUEL BURNER.

Application filed une 22; 1922. seri i m. 570,204. r

ToaZZ whomc't concern:

Be it known that LRonnar M} KnN nDY,

' "a citizen of theiUnited StatesQand a resi- I w a burner adapted for general use which isdent of Pittsburgh, in the county of Alleghenyand State of Pennsylvania, have inventeda newand" useful Improvement in Liquid-Fuel Burners, ofwhich thefollow-- ing'is a specification. t y

r This invention relates to burnersyand particularly to burners for use in connecftion with the combustion of liquidfuels The object of the invention 'isto provide simple, safe, efficient, easy to operate, which does not require skilledlabor' and attention; r and which efiects substantially perfect combustion.

-Other objects are .to provide aburiier in '.-which the air is supplied by natural draft as distinguished from a forced draft, in

which the air supply effects a cooling of. the

fuel supply pipe to the burner, in which the These and otherflobjects ofthe invention will more readily-appear when taken in connection with the following description and h ap nd cl ms- Inthe accompanying drawings which illustrate v the preferred "embodiment of the invention, Fig. 1 is a vertical transverse sectional View with parts in elevation .of'the jnr ni of Fig." 2.

complete burner; lFigJZ, a section taken on the line II-II of Fig.1;and Fig, 3 a fragmentary sectional view taken. on the line As. illustrated the burner consistsprimarily of fuel supply pipe 1, fuel compartment 2,- casing spiral vanes 5. g p

Thediameter of the compartment 2 is con- I siderably greaterthan that of the fuel supply pipe 1, and is mounted thereon in any 4 suitable manner, as illustrated in Fig. 3,

.having'its top closed by the threaded plug ,6, the upper end 7 of,,.which,is hexagonal "in shape tofacilitate the insertion and removal thereof by means of a wrench.

j The compartment Qis' embraced by the upper. end of the cylindrical casing 3, which."

depends therefrom, and is spaced from the 3, deflecting shell 4 and interior of the compartment and the inter 3 isjthe frustro-conical deflecting shell 4 having; both endsopen'for the free: passage pipel to provide an -air chamber around the. same.

Spaced from and surrounding the casing of; air upwardly therethrough. The lower-A most edge of shell 4 is provided with a lateral fflange 8 to which is attached a sup porting bracket 9, suitably fastened to pipe 1 as by bolts 10 and -11,'a portionof the pipe being threaded forsuch purpose.

'A plurality of spiral vanes 5 bridge the space-between the casing 3 and shell 4, the

ends of the vanes terminating" at the extremities'of the shell, and their upper ends being disposed slightly below the bottom 0f the compartment 2.- ,Thewidth of the vanes gradually increases from their upper totheir lower. ends to compensate for the increased distance between the casing and deflecting shell due to the frustro-conical form of the latter. Any numberof vanes may be used, three being employed in the.

embodiment. illustrated in the drawings. The upper surfacesof the vanes are provided witha series ofmarginal bafiles l ,f

arranged in staggered relation, andextending alternately-inwards from their 1 opposite edges. These bafiles areboth thicker. and wider at their outer extremities and'graduallytaper towards their inner. ends. 7 Their length is slightly greater than one-half the xwidth of .the vanes at the point at which vthey are located, so as to .form in effect a -serpentine trough throughout theentire extent of the vanes. These bafiles may be formed in any desired manner, and in the embodimentfshown arevmade by embossing or upwardly indenting the metal of the vane itself. Mounted in y the bottom of -compartment 2 and'extendingthrough thewallof casing 3 is a seriesofifueldischarge nozzles 13. Each nozzle-comprises a downwardly inclined tubular portion 14 open at both ends, anda lateral tube orduct 15 extending through the bottom 'ofQcompartment 2, Y

and establishing communication between the mediate portion oftube14. The number of nozzles employed corresponds to the number of spiral vanes used,' the outer end of the tube 14 terminating directly above the upper extremity of its corresponding vane 5 so as to discharge fuelthereon.

The several parts may either beformed integrally or made of separate parts and suitably connected in any desired manner without affecting the spirit of the invention. It is also noted that although the preferred embodiment. of the invention is shown and described without a deflecting top and without means for produclng a forced draft,

and 18 preferably used "withoutthem, such means may be employed. whenever the same are found to be desirable.

In'initially starting the burner the same may be heated up in any well known manner,

or may be heated by simply igniting the fuel uponthe surface of the spiral vanes.

The liquid fuel is fed'to the pipe 1 under a'slight head, and enters the compartment 2 portion of the air entering the lower open end of casing 3, and flowing upwardly around the pipe' '1', finally escapes through the tube 1 1-, aidingin' the discharge of the liquid fuel therefrom. The air blast thus produced through tubes 14 partially atomizes or aerates the liquid fuel and distributes it over the'e'ntire width of the vanes 55. The air in rising through the casing 3 serves as a cooling medium and as a h'eatinsulator for the fuel supply pipe 1, the air beinggradually heated during its ascent.

Air also'passesupwardly between thecasing 3 and deflecting shell 4, traversing the entire extent of the vanes and flowing in directintimate contact with the film of fuel trickling downwardly thereon. In this manner an absolutemixing of the air andfuelis obtained, resulting in perfect combustion. thereof at the upper end of the burner. By

bringing the air into such intimate contact with the fuel and progressively passing it throughout the. entire extent of the vanes, the entire quantity of fuel deposited on the vanes is vaporized, deposits of carbon are entirely eliminated, and a perfect combustion free from soot or smoke is secured. I 7

It is thus seen that the invention provides avery simple, compact, economical and eflicient burner, and which is free from complications; one in which the fuel supply pipe is maintained cool by a flow'of air subse quently used in the operation of the burner; one in which deposits of carbon are eliminated, and one in which perfect combustion is obtained.

' I claim: 7 1

1. A liquid fuel burner comprising a fuel supply pipe having a discharge orifice, an.

imperforate inclined vane, the upper end of which is disposed below said orifice to re-' ceive fuel discharged therefrom, and means for causing the body of air passing up- 1 wardly of said vane to traverse the entire extent of said vane in direct intimate contact with its upper surface.

2. A liquid fuel burner comprising a fuel supply pipe having a discharge orifice adjacent its upper end, a casingsurrounding and spaced from the supply pipe, an open ended deflecting shell surrounding and spaced from said casing, an inclined vane positioned between the casing and shell wherebythe body of air passing upwardly between the casing and shell traverses the entire extent of the vane in intimate contact with its upper surface, the upper end of the said vane being adapted to receive fuel dis charged from said orifice.

3'. A liquid fuel burner comprising a. fuel supply pipe having a discharge orifice adjacent its upper end, a casing surrounding and spaced from the supply pipe, said casing be ing open at its bottom and provided with an escape opening adjacent its top, an open ended deflecting shell surrounding and spaced from said casing, aninclined vane positioned between the casing and shell whereby the] body of air passing upwardly vbetween the casing and shell traverses the entire extent of the vane in intimate contact with itsupper surface, the upper end of the said vane being adapted to receive fuel discharged from thesaid orifice.

4. A. liquid fuel burner comprising a fuel supply pipe, a casing open atits lower end andclosed at itsupper end surrounding and spaced from the supply pipe, an open ended deflecting shell surrounding and spaced from the casing, an inclined vane bridging the space between the casing and shell, a dischargenozzle for feeding fuel from the supply pipe to the upper end of the vane, and means establishing communication between the interior of the casing-land nozzle duct, whereby air within the casing may. traverse saidduct. i

5. A liquid fuel burner comprisinga fuel supply pipe, a fuel compartment mounted at 1ts upper end, a casing having anopen bottom depending from the compartment and spaced from the supply pipe. a deflecting shell surrounding and spaced from the casing, a spiral vane bridging the space between thecasing and shell, a fuel discharge nozzle terminating above the upper end of the vane' for feeding fuel thereon from the compartment, the duct of said nozzle having communication with the interior of the casing, whereby the air draft through the easing will aid in discharging fuel therefrom. 6. ,A liquid fuel burner comprising a'fuel a supply pipe, a fuel compartment mounted at its upper end, a casinghaving an open bottom depending from the compartment 1,471,666 7 j V 1 B and spaced from the supply pipe, a deflecting shell surrounding and spaced from the casing, a spiral vane bridging the space between the casing and shell, the upper sur-' terminatingabove'the upper end of the vane,

for feeding fuel thereon from the compartment, the duct of said nozzle having communication with the interior of the casing, whereby the air draft through the. casing will aid in discharging fuel therefrom.

7. A liquid fuel burner comprising a fuel supply pipe, a fuel compartment mounted at its upper end, a cylindrical casing having an open bottom depending from the com partment and spaced from the supply: pipe, a deflecting shell surroundingand' spaced from the casing, a plurality of spiral vanes disposed between the .cas-

ing andshell, an inclined open ended tube I I extending through the casing Wall 'and terminating directly above the upper ex tremity of each of said vanes, and ducts establishing communication between the fuel compartment and the intermediate portion of eachiof saidtubes; V

'In testimony whereof, I sign my name.

7 ROBERT M. KENNEDY. -Witness:

V EDWIN 1O, Joints. 

